Before you can begin writing, you must first develop a thesis or research question.The research question defines the focus and scope of the research. The structure of the research question depends on your field of study and the common practices within that field. Similarly, your question will drive the methodology of your research -- it is the "how" of how you will answer the question.
Step 1: Choose a Research Topic
When you start, you don't need to have a specific research question in mind at this point - just a general topic that you want to explore.
Step 2: Find Background Information
Developing your question is part of the research process. Refine your focus until you have a manageable topic. Subject dictionaries and encyclopedias can be valuable tools at this stage of your research. They can give you an overview of the topic as a whole and introduce you to specialized vocabulary that can be important for database searching.
Search library research databases and other online resources as part of shaping your question, and understanding the literature. If the first time you start database searching is after you formed a research question, you may become frustrated with the lack or resources, or find studies that have already addressed your question.
Step 3: Translate Your Interest into a Research Question
After gathering background information, frame it as a question. There are a number of ways to focus this.
- Who is involved, what goals are being advanced, and how?
- Are there interesting comparisons you can make based on changes or differences observed across different population groups, circumstances or viewpoints?
- Is there a particular framework that offers a unique or compelling way to analyze the phenomena you wish to study?
Above mind map image is from the University of Tasmania - "How to develop a searchable question"
Step 4: Further Modifying Your Topic
Your methodology will also effect your scope. Are you planning a comprehensive scoping review that casts the net wide? Are you searching for gaps in the research because you plan to do original research? Check in with librarians, teaching assistants, or your faculty member for advice.
This content was modified specifically for review articles from Godwin University guide on research questions with assistance from the sources listed below.
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